National Organisations in India

■ Reserve Bank of India

The Reserve Bank of India is often referred to as the country's bank, the central bank, and the bank of banks. It was established on April 1, 1935. The Reserve Bank operates under the RBI Act and the Banking Regulation Act. The RBI has 22 regional offices in the country, including Thiruvananthapuram. The executive power is vested in the Governing Council, which consists of the Governor and 20 members. The first Governor of the Reserve Bank was O.A. Smith. The Reserve Bank was the central bank of Myanmar until April 1947 and of Pakistan until June 1948!

Main Responsibilities of RBI - The responsibilities of the RBI include issuing the necessary currency notes in the country, being responsible for foreign exchange, regulating the banking sector in the country and giving better instructions, acting as the bank, agent and advisor to the government, controlling loans, and acting as a bank to banks.

■ NITI Aayog

NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) is an institution that replaced the 65-year-old Planning Commission. It came into existence on 1 January 2015. Its objective is to promote a development model that emphasizes federal ideas. It is tasked with providing technical advice to the central and state governments on issues of national and international importance. On 15 August 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the idea of ​​a new institution for planning in his Independence Day speech.

Structure of NITI Aayog : The Prime Minister will be the Chairman. The Board will consist of a Vice Chairman, full-time members, two part-time members, four Union Ministers as non-official members, a Chief Executive Officer (CEO), and regional committees chaired by the Prime Minister and comprising the Chief Ministers of the respective states.

■ Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)

The Comptroller and Auditor General is responsible for examining the financial affairs of the central and state governments. The CAG's duties include overseeing the accounts of income and expenditure of the central and state governments, auditing the accounts, bringing to light cases of misuse of funds, and reporting cases related to the government to the legislature. In a sense, he is the "guardian of the public treasury". The report related to central and state has to be submitted to the President of Country and to the respective Governors for the States respectively. The CAG is appointed by the President. He can continue in this post for six years or till the age of 65. The CAG can be removed only in the manner of removal of a Supreme Court judge.

■ Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government

The Office of the Principal Scientific Advisor was established by the Government of India in November 1999. The objective of the Office of the Principal Scientific Advisor is to provide practical and objective advice to the Prime Minister and the Cabinet on scientific and technological matters. In August 2018, the Office of the PSA came under the Cabinet Secretariat.

■ National Green Tribunal

The National Green Tribunal was established in New Delhi in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act. The National Green Tribunal is a specialized judicial body with expertise exclusively for the disposal of environmental cases in the country. The National Green Tribunal is tasked with providing effective and expeditious redress in cases related to environmental protection, conservation of forests and other natural resources, and enforcement of any legal right relating to the environment.

■ Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India

Eight censuses were conducted in India before independence. Censuses were conducted in British India in 1872, 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, 1921, 1931, and 1941 respectively. The eighth and last census in British India was conducted in 1941. The census after 1949 was conducted under the leadership of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner of India under the Union Home Ministry. The first census was conducted in post-independence India in 1951. It also collected information for economic development. Censuses were conducted in India in 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, and 2011 by the Registrar General & Census Commissioner of India.

■ Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR)

The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) is one of the major nuclear research centres in India. It is located at Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu. It is the second largest institution of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) after Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). It was established in 1971 as a dedicated centre dedicated to research in fast reactor science and technology as a result of the vision of Vikram Sarabhai. Originally, it was called Reactor Research Centre (RRC). In December 1985, the then Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi renamed it as Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR).

■ Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)

The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI), headquartered in Hyderabad, is the body empowered to develop and regulate the insurance sector in India. Insurance companies operating in the private sector operate under IRDAI.

Insurances regulated by IRDAI

Life Insurance - Life insurance companies are institutions that provide financial protection for the life and property of individuals.

General Insurance - General insurance provides any type of coverage other than life. General insurance provides protection for immovable and movable assets such as houses, agricultural crops, vehicles, commercial establishments, livestock, and jobs.

■ Life Insurance Corporation of India

Insurance companies are institutions that provide financial protection for the lives and property of individuals. The Oriental Life Insurance Company, which was started by the British in Kolkata in 1818, was the first life insurance company in India. However, this company was started mainly for foreigners in India. It charged a high premium to provide insurance protection to the locals. The first to provide insurance protection to Indians at a normal premium was the Bombay Mutual Life Assurance Society, which was started in Mumbai in 1870. The Mutual Life Assurance Society was also the first insurance company for Indians. On January 19, 1956, the life insurance sector in India was nationalized. Then, on June 19, 1956, the Parliament passed the Life Insurance Corporation Act. Accordingly, the Life Insurance Corporation of India came into existence on September 1, 1956. LIC, which is headquartered in Mumbai, is today the largest insurance company in India.

■ Central Board of Film Certification

The Central Board of Film Certification (Censor Board) was established under the Cinematograph Act, 1952. It functions under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. The Censor Board consists of non-official members and a Chairman (all appointed by the Central Government). The Board, headquartered in Mumbai, has 9 regional offices. The regional office for Kerala is at Thiruvananthapuram. Other regional offices are at Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, New Delhi, Cuttack and Guwahati. The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFS) grants permission for public screening of films. Films can be screened publicly in India only after certification by the Central Board of Film Certification.