Right against exploitation (Article 23 - 24)

ARTICLE 23 - PROHIBITION OF TRAFFIC IN HUMAN BEINGS AND FORCED LABOUR

The Constitution prohibits slavery or compulsory labour, human trafficking, and the exploitation of slaves. Human trafficking and beggar, as well as other forms of forced labour, are prohibited. Any violation of this provision is an offence punishable by law (Article 23(1)). The following are the laws that have been enacted to prohibit forced labour and to enforce a minimum wage.

• Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976

• Minimum Wages Act, 1948

• Contract Labour Act, 1970

• Equal Remuneration Act, 1976

Article 23(2) Cases in which these Acts do not apply - The law allows for compulsory service without pay in military service and other public interest, but while imposing such service, citizens should be admitted without regard to religion, race, caste and class. This article prohibits the Devadasi system.

ARTICLE 24 - PROHIBITION OF CHILD LABOUR

This prohibits the employment of children in industries and hazardous areas. The Constitution prohibits the employment of children below the age of 18 in hazardous areas such as industries and mines.